This section provides examples of CHP projects, fact sheets and site reports. It is organized by facility type with information about fuel source, prime mover/power production and power capacity.

This section provides examples of CHP projects, fact sheets and site reports. It is organized by facility type with information about fuel source, prime mover/power production and power capacity.

• U.S. Department of Energy Distributed Energy Program fact sheet entitled CHP Technologies Basics. This website has several other excellent CHP publications.
• CHP Fact Sheet: Have you asked all the right questions? This is an important factsheet to avoid project difficulties later.
• U.S. Clean Heat and Power Association’s website has a section titled CHP Basics. This website provides other CHP background information.
• A Review of Existing Cogeneration Facilities in Canada. This March 2004 publication is an excellent primer on CHP technologies and the development of quality CHP systems.

• U.S. Department of Energy Distributed Energy Program fact sheet entitled CHP Technologies Basics. This website has several other excellent CHP publications.
• CHP Fact Sheet: Have you asked all the right questions? This is an important factsheet to avoid project difficulties later.
• U.S. Clean Heat and Power Association’s website has a section titled CHP Basics. This website provides other CHP background information.
• A Review of Existing Cogeneration Facilities in Canada. This March 2004 publication is an excellent primer on CHP technologies and the development of quality CHP systems.

• CHP Fact Sheet: Glossary

• CHP Fact Sheet: Glossary

• DER Equipment and Application. This is a PowerPoint presentation covering the topics of CHP, generation technologies, storage, thermal distribution and applications.
• Equipment Options and Application Alternatives. This paper provides an overview of a broad range of electricity-generating equipment and thermal equipment including both heating and cooling.
• Switchgear Evaluation. This paper is an evaluation of switchgear by the Alaska Energy Authority and Marsh Creek LLC of switchgear used for small (250 kW to 1 MW) mini-grid systems in villages in Alaska. The switchgear connects stand alone power production to village electricity needs.

• DER Equipment and Application. This is a PowerPoint presentation covering the topics of CHP, generation technologies, storage, thermal distribution and applications.
• Equipment Options and Application Alternatives. This paper provides an overview of a broad range of electricity-generating equipment and thermal equipment including both heating and cooling.
• Switchgear Evaluation. This paper is an evaluation of switchgear by the Alaska Energy Authority and Marsh Creek LLC of switchgear used for small (250 kW to 1 MW) mini-grid systems in villages in Alaska. The switchgear connects stand alone power production to village electricity needs.

• CHP Case Studies – Saving Money and Increasing Security. This article by Capstone Turbine Corporation provides an overview of microturbines and gives examples of their use.

• CHP Case Studies – Saving Money and Increasing Security. This article by Capstone Turbine Corporation provides an overview of microturbines and gives examples of their use.

• The first annual Waste Heat-to-Power Generation Workshop presentations and description of workshop March 2, 2005
• ORC and Kalina: Analysis and Experience. This very technical December 2003 PowerPoint presentation describes and analyzes ORC and Kalina systems.
• ORC – Qualified Energy Recovery. This is a PowerPoint presentation by ORMAT describing ORC and potential applications.
• Waste Heat Management Options -- Industrial Process Heating Systems, Dr. Arvind C. Thekdi, August 2009
• An Overview of Industrial Waste Heat Recovery Technologies for Moderate Temperatures Less Than 1000ºF, Carolyn Roos, Phd., 2009.

• The first annual Waste Heat-to-Power Generation Workshop presentations and description of workshop March 2, 2005
• ORC and Kalina: Analysis and Experience. This very technical December 2003 PowerPoint presentation describes and analyzes ORC and Kalina systems.
• ORC – Qualified Energy Recovery. This is a PowerPoint presentation by ORMAT describing ORC and potential applications.
• Waste Heat Management Options -- Industrial Process Heating Systems, Dr. Arvind C. Thekdi, August 2009
• An Overview of Industrial Waste Heat Recovery Technologies for Moderate Temperatures Less Than 1000ºF, Carolyn Roos, Phd., 2009.

• Clean Heat and Power in the Pacific Northwest: Market Assessment This 2004 report provides: 1) A comprehensive review of current CHP capacity in the Pacific Northwest including a database by each state; 2) A review of the economic and technical market potential for additional CHP; 3) A review of barriers and incentives to CHP; and 4) Recommended actions to increase CHP deployment.
• Technical Market Potential for CHP in the Pacific Northwest. This is an overview of CHP market potential by sectors.
• This Combined Heat and Power White Paper, dated January, 2006, was prepared for the Western Governors' Association (WGA) at the invitation of the WGA's Clean and Diversified Energy Advisory Committee.

• Clean Heat and Power in the Pacific Northwest: Market Assessment This 2004 report provides: 1) A comprehensive review of current CHP capacity in the Pacific Northwest including a database by each state; 2) A review of the economic and technical market potential for additional CHP; 3) A review of barriers and incentives to CHP; and 4) Recommended actions to increase CHP deployment.
• Technical Market Potential for CHP in the Pacific Northwest. This is an overview of CHP market potential by sectors.
• This Combined Heat and Power White Paper, dated January, 2006, was prepared for the Western Governors' Association (WGA) at the invitation of the WGA's Clean and Diversified Energy Advisory Committee.

• CHP Fact Sheet: Understanding the Lender’s Criteria for Financing. What do financial institutions need from the developer? What are non-recourse loans?
• CHP Fact Sheet: A Clean Heat & Power Project – A Good Business Model. A Veteran’s Administration medical center is used as an example.
• CHP Fact Sheet: Alternative Financing Tips Help Lower the Cost of CHP Projects. Federal facilities are used as the basis to develop this fact sheet.

• CHP Fact Sheet: Understanding the Lender’s Criteria for Financing. What do financial institutions need from the developer? What are non-recourse loans?
• CHP Fact Sheet: A Clean Heat & Power Project – A Good Business Model. A Veteran’s Administration medical center is used as an example.
• CHP Fact Sheet: Alternative Financing Tips Help Lower the Cost of CHP Projects. Federal facilities are used as the basis to develop this fact sheet.

• Comparing Pipes and Wires. This study is a capital cost analysis of energy transmission via natural gas pipelines and overhead electric wires.

• Comparing Pipes and Wires. This study is a capital cost analysis of energy transmission via natural gas pipelines and overhead electric wires.

• Avoiding Distribution System Upgrade Costs Using Distributed Generation. This study analyzed the impact that a number of distributed generation systems had on avoiding electrical distribution system upgrades.

• Avoiding Distribution System Upgrade Costs Using Distributed Generation. This study analyzed the impact that a number of distributed generation systems had on avoiding electrical distribution system upgrades.

• CHP Legal, Institutional and Regulatory Guidebook. This guidebook provides a detailed but not exhaustive review of the legal, institutional and regulatory subject matters surrounding CHP. The guidebook is available on CD from the Northwest CHP Application Center.

• CHP Legal, Institutional and Regulatory Guidebook. This guidebook provides a detailed but not exhaustive review of the legal, institutional and regulatory subject matters surrounding CHP. The guidebook is available on CD from the Northwest CHP Application Center.

• The CHP Pacific Northwest Roadmap. The roadmap was developed October 2002 in Seattle, WA.

• The CHP Pacific Northwest Roadmap. The roadmap was developed October 2002 in Seattle, WA.

• CHP Initiative And Policy Efforts In The Northwest (April, 2007)
• Pacific Northwest Clean Heat and Power Roundtable Proceedings. The Northwest Power and Conservation Council hosted a major roundtable meeting June 2003. Participants prioritized barriers and developed solutions for CHP.
• State Opportunities for Action: Update of States’ Clean Heat and Power Activities. This October 2003 report provides a brief state-by-state review of CHP policies.
• Clean Heat and Power Workshop Report and Next Steps. This is a July 2003 PowerPoint presentation for the Northwest Power and Conservation Council describing the differences in viewpoint of utilities and industry regarding CHP with potential solutions.
• Developing and Deploying Renewable Energy and Clean Heat & Power Technologies – A role for Washington Industry. This November 2002 report provides industry perspectives and recommendations for developing renewable energy and CHP in the Pacific Northwest.

• CHP Initiative And Policy Efforts In The Northwest (April, 2007)
• Pacific Northwest Clean Heat and Power Roundtable Proceedings. The Northwest Power and Conservation Council hosted a major roundtable meeting June 2003. Participants prioritized barriers and developed solutions for CHP.
• State Opportunities for Action: Update of States’ Clean Heat and Power Activities. This October 2003 report provides a brief state-by-state review of CHP policies.
• Clean Heat and Power Workshop Report and Next Steps. This is a July 2003 PowerPoint presentation for the Northwest Power and Conservation Council describing the differences in viewpoint of utilities and industry regarding CHP with potential solutions.
• Developing and Deploying Renewable Energy and Clean Heat & Power Technologies – A role for Washington Industry. This November 2002 report provides industry perspectives and recommendations for developing renewable energy and CHP in the Pacific Northwest.

• Output-Based Regulations: Best Practices, Joel Bluestein, ICF International. Discussion of what Output-Based Regulation is, the enefits of it, how to implement it and who has already implemented it.
• Output Based New Source Performance Standards (NSPS), Christian Fellner, U.S. EPA. Discusses original standards and amendments to NSPS and the NSPS for three different stationary source technologies
• Output-based Allocation Methodology under CT’s NOx Budget Programs & CHP Set-Aside under CT’s RGGI Rule, Chris Nelson, CT DEP. Discusses evolution of Connecticut’s allocation methodology for their NBP’s and CHP Set-Aside under their RGGI Rule; Provides comparison chart for NOx allocation methodology; CO2 allocations; Distribution of CO2 allowances; and EPS’s in Connecticut
• Factsheet: EPA Combined Heat and Power Partnership. EPA and CHP Partnerships’ factsheet on why output-based environmental regulations are an effective policy to support a clean energy supply. Lists the benefits of using more efficient combustion technologies, ways to incorporate output-based approaches into air regulatory approaches and which states have established OBR’s. WA Air Emission Regulations (RCWs) CO2 mitigation: 80.70 RCW Greenhouse Gas Emissions: 80.80 RCW
• Output-Based Regulations: A Handbook for Air Regulators. Handbook put out by EPA’s Green Power Partnership and the CHP Partnership; Discusses trends supporting increased use of Output-based regulations (OBR’s), what is an OBR, why adopt them, how to develop your own, and examples of OBR’s.
• Guide to Action (EPA). EPA’s document which describes what output-based regulations are, their objective, benefits, and how states can develop their own. Gives state examples.
• Staff Research Brief – Governor’s Energy Policy Council . Energy Policy Brief for Georgia on output-based regulations, why OBR’s are relevant to Georgia’s state energy strategy, how to implement an output-based emission standard. Although this brief was created for Georgia’s energy policy, it presents relevant information for every state.
• Example: Connecticut. Connecticut’s regulations for distributed generators that became effective in 2005. Although this document provides the regulations for owners/operators of distributed generators of Connecticut, elements of it can be used as a guide for operators and/or owners of distributed generators in other states.
• Example: Massachusetts. Massachusetts NOx Allowance Trading Program Regulation that incorporates the Public Benefit Set-Aside Amendments. Discusses purpose and scope of the program, definitions of terms, allowance allocations, etc.
• Report/Rationale/Status: The Regulatory Assistance Project. Discusses generation performance standards in the U.S. electric sector; Provides historical context for state and local air quality control programs, rationale for output-based allocations and emission standards, development of the standards, what the future of output-based emission standards is, and advantages of them for China.

• Output-Based Regulations: Best Practices, Joel Bluestein, ICF International. Discussion of what Output-Based Regulation is, the enefits of it, how to implement it and who has already implemented it.
• Output Based New Source Performance Standards (NSPS), Christian Fellner, U.S. EPA. Discusses original standards and amendments to NSPS and the NSPS for three different stationary source technologies
• Output-based Allocation Methodology under CT’s NOx Budget Programs & CHP Set-Aside under CT’s RGGI Rule, Chris Nelson, CT DEP. Discusses evolution of Connecticut’s allocation methodology for their NBP’s and CHP Set-Aside under their RGGI Rule; Provides comparison chart for NOx allocation methodology; CO2 allocations; Distribution of CO2 allowances; and EPS’s in Connecticut
• Factsheet: EPA Combined Heat and Power Partnership. EPA and CHP Partnerships’ factsheet on why output-based environmental regulations are an effective policy to support a clean energy supply. Lists the benefits of using more efficient combustion technologies, ways to incorporate output-based approaches into air regulatory approaches and which states have established OBR’s. WA Air Emission Regulations (RCWs) CO2 mitigation: 80.70 RCW Greenhouse Gas Emissions: 80.80 RCW
• Output-Based Regulations: A Handbook for Air Regulators. Handbook put out by EPA’s Green Power Partnership and the CHP Partnership; Discusses trends supporting increased use of Output-based regulations (OBR’s), what is an OBR, why adopt them, how to develop your own, and examples of OBR’s.
• Guide to Action (EPA). EPA’s document which describes what output-based regulations are, their objective, benefits, and how states can develop their own. Gives state examples.
• Staff Research Brief – Governor’s Energy Policy Council . Energy Policy Brief for Georgia on output-based regulations, why OBR’s are relevant to Georgia’s state energy strategy, how to implement an output-based emission standard. Although this brief was created for Georgia’s energy policy, it presents relevant information for every state.
• Example: Connecticut. Connecticut’s regulations for distributed generators that became effective in 2005. Although this document provides the regulations for owners/operators of distributed generators of Connecticut, elements of it can be used as a guide for operators and/or owners of distributed generators in other states.
• Example: Massachusetts. Massachusetts NOx Allowance Trading Program Regulation that incorporates the Public Benefit Set-Aside Amendments. Discusses purpose and scope of the program, definitions of terms, allowance allocations, etc.
• Report/Rationale/Status: The Regulatory Assistance Project. Discusses generation performance standards in the U.S. electric sector; Provides historical context for state and local air quality control programs, rationale for output-based allocations and emission standards, development of the standards, what the future of output-based emission standards is, and advantages of them for China.

• Climate Change: Reduce Greenhouse Gases Profitably. Article about how companies can reap the benefits of a regulatory system through innovations that boost efficiency – and can appeal to both environmentalists and industry alike.
• CHP & Climate Change (May 2007)
• For a report documenting greenhouse gas offsets in the Northwest at the margin (not electrical grid averages) see Marginal Carbon Production Rates of the Northwest Power System by the Northwest Power and Conservation Council (June 2008)
• Western Climate Initiative
• Montana Climate Change Action Plan (November 2007)
• Oregon Strategy for Greenhouse Gas Reductions (December 2004)
• A Framework For Addressing Rapid Climate Change (January 2008)
• The report titled Recommendations for the Development of Agricultural Sector Carbon Offsets in Washington State (October 2008) is a core document for establishing higher carbon offsets percentages which in general enables CHP. For a specific discussion of dairy anaerobic digestion/CHP opportunities see pages 24 to 33.
• The Beyond Waste Implementation Work Group - The Next 50% Report (November 2008) includes Green Electricity sections (CHP). See pages 15 to 20.
• The Energy Efficiency Green Buildings Implementation Work Group Report (November 2008) includes a CHP section. See pages 9-14.

• Climate Change: Reduce Greenhouse Gases Profitably. Article about how companies can reap the benefits of a regulatory system through innovations that boost efficiency – and can appeal to both environmentalists and industry alike.
• CHP & Climate Change (May 2007)
• For a report documenting greenhouse gas offsets in the Northwest at the margin (not electrical grid averages) see Marginal Carbon Production Rates of the Northwest Power System by the Northwest Power and Conservation Council (June 2008)
• Western Climate Initiative
• Montana Climate Change Action Plan (November 2007)
• Oregon Strategy for Greenhouse Gas Reductions (December 2004)
• A Framework For Addressing Rapid Climate Change (January 2008)
• The report titled Recommendations for the Development of Agricultural Sector Carbon Offsets in Washington State (October 2008) is a core document for establishing higher carbon offsets percentages which in general enables CHP. For a specific discussion of dairy anaerobic digestion/CHP opportunities see pages 24 to 33.
• The Beyond Waste Implementation Work Group - The Next 50% Report (November 2008) includes Green Electricity sections (CHP). See pages 15 to 20.
• The Energy Efficiency Green Buildings Implementation Work Group Report (November 2008) includes a CHP section. See pages 9-14.

• Unlocking Energy Efficiency in the U.S. Economy (July 2009) -- This report by McKinsey Global Energy provides a detailed review of energy efficiency opportunities in the U.S. economy. It includes a 4 page assessment of the potential as well as the existing barriers for CHP in the U.S. The CHP section is on pages 86 – 89 and on pages 93-94 CHP’s fit with carbon reduction strategies are shown. Waste heat recovery potentials in the industrial sector are shown on page 79.

• Unlocking Energy Efficiency in the U.S. Economy (July 2009) -- This report by McKinsey Global Energy provides a detailed review of energy efficiency opportunities in the U.S. economy. It includes a 4 page assessment of the potential as well as the existing barriers for CHP in the U.S. The CHP section is on pages 86 – 89 and on pages 93-94 CHP’s fit with carbon reduction strategies are shown. Waste heat recovery potentials in the industrial sector are shown on page 79.

• Standby Rates for Customer-Sited Resources - Final Report (December 2009)
• Distributed Generation in Oregon: Overview, Regulatory Barriers and Recommendations (Febrary 2005) -- A study completed by the Oregon Public Utility Commision (OPUC).

• Standby Rates for Customer-Sited Resources - Final Report (December 2009)
• Distributed Generation in Oregon: Overview, Regulatory Barriers and Recommendations (Febrary 2005) -- A study completed by the Oregon Public Utility Commision (OPUC).

• Phase I Feasibility Study – Executive Summary
• Phase 1 Feasibility Study - Final Report (includes Exec. Summary)

• Phase I Feasibility Study – Executive Summary
• Phase 1 Feasibility Study - Final Report (includes Exec. Summary)